Nachal novea; makor chochma -
A flowing river; the source of wisdom (Mish. 18:4)

Parashas Vayeitzei

(Genesis 28:10-32:3)

"And the eyes of Leah were tender, while Rachel was beautiful of form and beautiful in appearance." (Genesis 29:17)

Many Jews who strive to connect themselves to Hashem (G-d) do so by immersing themselves in intensive Torah study, this is very good. It is easier than ever to learn Torah. Books, shiurim, great Rabbonim are available to us in almost unceasing number, and we would truly be to blame if every one of us don't spend all the time we can in Batei Midrashim, supporting Kollelim and learning at the feet of Torah Scholars. Each of us should strive to contribute in anyway we can to the Torah world. [Ed note]

PUTTING KNOWLEDGE INTO PRACTICE BY GOOD DEEDS, AND IN A MOST STARTLING WAY - PRAYER.

But after one becomes "comfortable" in his learning, after the Baalei Tshuvah no longer seeks continuous guidance from his Rav - what then? Is "learning" Torah enough? Rabbi Nachman stresses the importance of putting that knowledge into practice by good deeds, and in a most startling way - in Prayer.

There are those who know a lot of Torah yet ridicule Rabbi Nachman's emphasis on something so ethereal as prayer. Some might argue that "Torah study" relieves an individual from concentrating on other forms of worship, like prayer. They feel that since Torah study is the greatest commandment (mitzvah), the fulfillment of which earns one more reward than any other of the 613 commandments contained in the Torah, they should devote all of their efforts to its study. Why should they lose out by performing other types of commandments that yield far less a return on the investment of their precious time. Unfortunately, this can lead to an imbalance. This philosophy, based on logic and reasoning, does not reflect the teachings of the sages and is inherent in those people who do not consult with Tzaddikim (saints), who are spiritual experts on how to connect oneself to Hashem. The entire Torah is based on peace, as the verse says, "All her [the Torah's] paths are peace." (Proverbs 3:17) A definition of peace is balance or compromise. This means that to fulfill the directives of the Torah, one must balance and divide one's time, resources, and energies amongst the various forms of worship mentioned in the Torah, the three main forms of which are listed in the Talmud: "Shimon HaTzaddik (the righteous) was the last of the men of the Great Assembly, he used to say, 'The world depends on three things [lit. pillars], on Torah [study], on [Divine] worship [sacrifice and prayer], and the performance of good deeds of which gives a man proper balance in serving Hashem.].'" (Talmud: Avoth 1:2)

The Talmud further emphasizes the need for balance in one's worship of Hashem in Avoth 3:22: "He [Rebbe Elazar ben Azarya] used to say, 'Anyone whose wisdom [Torah knowledge] exceeds his good deeds, with what is this synonymous? - with a tree whose branches are numerous but whose roots are few; when a wind comes it uproots the tree and turns it upside down... But one whose deeds exceed his wisdom, to what can he be compared? - to a tree whose branches are few but roots are numerous; even if all the winds in the world come and blow against it... they could not budge the tree from its place...'" Again, this teaching emphasizes that one can not be considered a true servant of Hashem without the proper balance between Torah study and the performance of good deeds - one cannot exist without the other. There are countless stories and examples mentioned in the Talmud of the greatest sages of Israel, who not only spent many hours in study, but also in prayer and the performance of good deeds. Balance - this is how they achieved greatness.

THROUGH GOOD DEEDS, REBBE AKIVA SAVED A LIFE

One example is the great sage, Rebbe Akiva. Not only was he considered one of the greatest sages of the Talmud, famed for his knowledge, intensive study, and the great sacrifices he made to study and teach Torah, but the Talmud describes, in many places, how he developed his character traits, becoming a well-mannered and courteous person who was always considerate of others. The Talmud relates how he developed and worked at his prayers, "When he [Rebbe Akiva] prayed by himself, a man would leave him in one corner and find him later in another, on account of his many bowings and prostrations [due to the intensity of his prayers]." (Talmud: Berachoth 31a) The Talmud also recounts how Rebbe Akiva developed himself in the performance of good deeds and ignored his high position by personally washing the floor of a seriously ill student. The student later stated that, by doing this, Rebbe Akiva had saved his life. It was through such balanced service of Hashem, not just Torah study alone, that the sages of Israel became great.

It is, therefore unfortunate, that which some learned but uninformed Torah students seem to say, that someone who is involved in Torah study does not need to focus on or develop his prayers or perform acts of kindness. Of such a student, who feels that study alone is sufficient and therefore neglects to develop his character traits, the Talmud says, "Rav Papa said, 'Hang a heart of a palm tree [a precious item] on a pig, and it will do the usual thing with it [it will take it to the dung heap]." (Talmud: Berachoth 43b) This attitude may possibly be the result of ignorance or motivated by unconscious laziness - an excuse to avoid over-exertion. As we have mentioned many times in the past, every story and incident mentioned in the Torah gives us much practical advice on how to conduct our daily lives. Rabbi Nachman and his disciple Rav Noson apply the story in our parasha, how Ya'akov (Jacob) came to marry Lavan's (Laban's) four daughters, to this all important topic, balance in one's worship of Hashem.

EACH ONE OF THE PROTAGONISTS IN THIS EPISODE EMBODIES AN INTEGRAL CONCEPT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE JEWISH NATION

Ya'akov left his father's home, fleeing from the wrath of his brother, Aisav (Esau), for Aisav sought revenge based on his perception that Ya'akov had stolen the Birthright from him. So Ya'akov, in going to his uncle Lavan, went from the proverbial frying pan into the fire. Aisav's deceitful nature was matched only by Lavan's. Ya'akov arrived penniless in his grandfather, Avraham's native land, Padan Aram, and ended up working fourteen years in order to marry Lavan's two daughters, Rochel (Rachel) and Leah. Ya'akov also married Lavan's two other daughters (birthed by his concubine), Bilhah and Zilpah. Ya'akov's original intent was to marry his true love Rochel, only, but Lavan tricked and forced him into marrying the older daughter, Leah, first. Ultimately, Ya'akov married all four women through Divine Providence, unions which produced twelve holy sons, the fathers of the twelve tribes, laying the foundation for the entire Jewish People. Rabbi Nachman explains that each one of the protagonists in this episode embodies an integral concept in the development of the Jewish Nation, a nation chosen to set the example for every person in the world of how to serve and be connected to Hashem. Therefore, examining these concepts and their interrelationships reveals the best methods for accomplishing that which Hashem most wants - developing closeness to Him through shlaymus - balance.

THE WRITTEN TORAH, WHICH IS RELATIVELY HIDDEN AND OBSCURE, IS THE ORAL TORAH'S BASIS FOR THE MANIFESTATION AND APPLICATION OF PRACTICAL LAW

According to Rabbi Nachman, Ya'akov represents the Written Torah (Torah shebi'chtav), as the verse says, "The Torah [the Written Law], which Moshe (Moses) commanded us, is the inheritance of [and pertains to] the congregation of Ya'akov [the man who was the source of wisdom and many of the traditions of the law]." (Deut. 33:4) Also, Torah she'bi'chtav is of the spiritual aspect of masculinity, whereas Torah sheb'al peh, the Oral Torah, corresponds to the spiritual aspect of femininity - receiving from the male. These spiritual energies are manifested in physicality especially in the process of conceiving and birthing a child. The child is conceived in a hidden and obscure manner. It is not readily known who the father is, but quite obvious who the mother is. In fact, if we did not know better, we would think that the woman was the source of everything, when in truth, we know that it is the necessary partnership of male and female which creates the life. Similarly, the Written Torah, which is relatively hidden and obscure, is the Oral Torah's basis for the manifestation and application of practical law. To the unlearned person, it appears that the Oral Torah is the source of everything, but closer scrutiny reveals the Written Torah's "behind-the- scenes" influence. So, the Oral Torah "gives birth" to the practical law through the Written Torah. Rochel, which means ewe (female sheep) in Hebrew represents the Oral Torah. Just as a sheep is shorn in order to arrive at the beneficial end-product - e.g. woolen garments - so too is the Oral Torah analytically shorn to reveal the practical law. (I Lekutai MoHaran 12)

LEAH REPRESENTS PRAYER, ROCHEL TORAH STUDY: TO REACH FULL POTENTIAL ONE MUST UTILIZE EVERY ASPECT

Leah represents prayer, as the verse says, "And the eyes of Leah were tender." (Gen. 29:17) The Medrash explains that her eyes were tender from hours upon hours of crying in intensive prayer that she might change her lot. For she knew that she was destined to marry the wicked, Aisav. The Zohar and the Arizal say that Leah and Rochel are one spiritual entity, reflecting different aspects of the Shechinah as do all women. [Note: Rabbi Nachman elucidates that the light of Hashem is too intense for us to experience directly. Therefore, Hashem shows himself to us through the aspect of Shechinah which acts as a filter to dilute the light. This is the only way that a human can relate with and connect to Hashem. The moon represents the Shechinah for its light is a reflection of and thus more diluted than its source, the sun.] In order for Jews (represented by Ya'akov) to reach their full potential in connecting with Hashem, they must utilize and merge themselves with every aspect of the Shechinah, which, represented by Rochel and Leah, is Torah study (which leads to practice) and prayer. One without the other creates a gap in one's connection with G-d, leaving the person with a lack of balance or shlaymus.

ONE CANNOT FULLY CONNECT ONESELF TO HASHEM THROUGH TORAH STUDY ALONE, A PERSON MUST ALSO INVOLVE HIMSELF IN HEARTFELT PRAYER - THE CONVERSE IS ALSO TRUE

As we mentioned above, Ya'akov intended only to marry Rochel and therefore dedicated his full effort to obtain her by working for Lavan. Allegorically, this refers to the fact that a Jew (Ya'akov) will dedicate his entire time and effort to studying the Oral Torah (obtaining Rochel). For most of the information on how to serve Hashem and apply the laws of the Written Torah is found in the Oral Torah. However, one cannot fully connect oneself to Hashem through Torah study alone, a person must also involve himself in heartfelt prayer in order to be completely merged with the Shechinah. Indeed. the converse is also true - one cannot spend all of his time in prayer, Torah study is equally necessary. For one would not know how to perform certain integral aspects of prayer without the information contained in the Oral Torah. Rabbi Nachman taught that in order to achieve balance one must access the different aspects of prayer. In addition to the standardized Shmoneh Esrei said thrice daily, one should also pray in his words. Rabbi Nachman suggests that these personal prayers be uttered in seclusion (Hisbodedus), in the language in which the person is most fluent, expressing his true feelings. Furthermore, Rabbi Nachman encourages that a person make the Torah he has learned into words of prayer (e.g. one who studies the laws of Passover could pray that Hashem help him fulfill all of the requirements of the laws of Passover properly, in simplicity and with pure motives). One can reach the highest and deepest levels of understanding, the inner essence of the Torah, only through prayer. A person must pray for Hashem's assistance in understanding the Torah so that he can practice it with purity and simplicity, solely for the sake of giving Hashem pleasure. This type of prayer purifies the mind and body enabling a person to understand the inner essence of the Torah. According to Rabbi Nachman, it was the balance of structured prayer, personalized prayer and prayer to understand and practice the Torah that one has studied that enabled all of the great Tzaddikim (saints) to reach the awesome levels they attained.

EVEN YA'AKOV INTENDED TO MARRY ONLY ROCHEL

The need to have balance in one's service of Hashem has been such an obscure concept that even the great and wise Ya'akov was relatively unaware of it. He was under the misconception, as have been many other Torah scholars, that the main focus, by far, should be Torah study, without giving much time or attention to prayer. This is represented by the fact that Ya'akov intended to marry only rochel (the Oral Torah). The verse describes Rochel (the Oral Torah) as follows, "Rochel was of beautiful form and beautiful appearance." (Genesis 29:17) The wisdom, beauty and greatness of the Oral Torah is revealed and apparent to all. Wisdom is loved, respected, and desired by all. Everyone pursues wisdom, just as men will pursue a beautiful woman - but not prayer. According to the Talmud, "There are things [prayer] that stand on top of the world [having the utmost importance, above all else], which nevertheless people disparage for disregard as insignificant]" (Talmud: Berachoth 6b)

Leah representing prayer, is depicted in the verse: "The eyes of Leah were tender [and therefore she was considered unattractive and less desirable]." (Genesis 29:17) This is the sad state of prayer.

EVERY JEW MUST CONSTANTLY PRAY TO HASHEM FOR ASSISTANCE NOT TO FALL INTO THE HANDS OF AISAV - THE EVIL INCLINATION

Prayer is a very hidden, obscure, and mysterious thing. No one can fully understand how prayer works. It is based mainly upon faith, which is not highly respected in the world. Leah prayed incessantly, crying to Hashem to change her destiny, which was to marry the wicked Aisav. This teaches that every Jew must constantly pray to Hashem for assistance not to fall into the hands of Aisav - the evil inclination, also known as the Satan (the Hebrew name of the guardian angel of Aisav). Prayer is so awesome, mysterious, and unknowable in the physical world, even the most devout people tend to disregard and neglect it. Even Ya'akov was relatively unaware of the importance and greatness of prayer and therefore concentrated his efforts on working for Lavan to obtain Rochel (the Oral Torah), never intending to marry, and actually avoiding Leah (prayer). However, Lavan tricked Ya'akov and switched Rochel for Leah. Lavan also thought Leah was insignificant and desired to give Ya'akov inferior goods (prayer), and prevent him from obtaining the prize, Rochel (Torah).

ALL THESE EVENTS WERE ORCHESTRATED BY HASHEM BECAUSE OF THE INTERRELATION OF TORAH AND PRAYER.

All these events were orchestrated by Hashem because of the interrelation of Torah and prayer. It was necessary for Ya'akov to marry both Rochel (Torah) and Leah (prayer) for they really embodied one entity, the Shechinah. Therefore, Ya'akov married both Rochel and Leah to produce the 12 tribes. There are 49 letters contained in the names of the 12 tribes combined. This sum corresponds to the 49 gates of repentance, which can be accessed through reciting the book of Psalms. The book of Psalms is prayer based upon Torah teachings, represented by the unification of Rochel and Leah.

THE TORAH IS THE SOURCE OF THE FORMULATION OF PRAYERS

Ya'akov was well aware that Lavan was deceitful and was prepared for any impropriety on Lavan's part. Therefore, he relayed secret signs to Rochel so he could easily identify her in any situation. When Lavan switched Rochel for Leah under the marriage canopy, Rochel revealed Ya'akov's secret signs to Leah so as not to bring her shame. Rochel's (Torah) possession of Ya'akov's signs refers to the fact that before the Talmud - the Oral Torah - was committed to writing, the vast volumes of information were all committed to memory and many mnemonic devices - signs- were employed as an aid to retain this vast amount of knowledge. Rochel relaying these signs to Leah (prayer) symbolizes that the Torah is the source of the formulation of prayers, and that Torah study, to be complete, must be given over to prayer. In fact, the Written Torah mentions that Rochel was barren until, in the merit of her conveyance of Ya'akov's signs to Leah, she was given the power to give birth to a holy son. Again, symbolically, Torah study (Rochel) cannot bear fruit unless it is given over to and used as the basis for prayer (the signs given over to Leah). Thus Leah was mother to half of the twelve tribes because nothing can be produced or achieved without prayer. Prayer is the most effective means to have success in any endeavor.

The holy Ari says that the numerical value of maidservant (shifcha) (393, plus 2 for the two??? words, which equals 395), has the same numerical value as the word Mishna (teachings which are the basis of the Oral Torah). [Note: Each Hebrew letter has a numerical value. One of the ways of interpreting the Torah, as taught by Moshe (Moses), is that words that have the same numerical values convey a similar essence and can be compared one to the other]. The comparison of shifcha to Mishna teaches us that anyone who learns the Torah with impure motives such as to try to invalidate the Torah, G-d forbid, is like a maidservant who tries to rebel against her mistress (the Shechinah). However, one who studies the Torah in the method of Mishna, i.e. piercing the clouds of disagreement and uncertainty in order to determine the true law, incorporates the profane within the realm of holiness, i.e. placing the maidservant in her proper place, subservient to her mistress - such that even the unholy maidservant produces holy children. Abraham married his maidservant, for he tried to incorporate the unholy within the holy. He wasn't successful and produced Ishmael. Ya'akov, who married two maidservants, was successful and produced four of the holy tribes through these unions. The reason why Ya'akov succeeded where Abraham failed is that Ya'akov strongly connected himself to the side of holiness through prayer - the spiritual energy of his marriage to Leah. This gave him the power to totally incorporate the unholy maidservants into the side of holiness. When Adam sinned, everything in the creation became mixed with good and evil, including the Torah. This a main reason why we have to struggle so hard to discover the true law. Ya'akov's marrying the two handmaidens teaches us that there is an impure element contained in the Torah, an element which can cause a Torah scholar to become corrupt - like the maidservant who rebels against her mistress. There is even an impure element connected to prayer - prayer for fulfillment of bodily desires alone. When prayer is connected to Torah study, their impure elements are incorporated into the realm of holiness, as a maidservant who submits to her mistress.

IF THE PERSON CAN RECALL HIS TORAH LESSONS AND USE IT AS A BASIS FOR PRAYER - HE CAN CREATE THE STRONGEST AND HIGHEST UNIFICATIONS (YICHUDIM) BETWEEN MAN AND HASHEM.

A person should therefore spend part of his day in Torah study and the other part in prayer. There is a Medrash that when Ya'akov was together with Leah, Rochel was under the bed relaying Ya'akov's signs to Leah. The Ari comments that when a person tries to pray (the aspect of Leah), it is an attempt to create a unity between himself and Hashem, similar to the unity of a husband and wife. Often the attempt at prayer is frustrated by a loss for words. However, if the person can recall his Torah lessons and use it as a basis to formulate his dialogue with Hashem - Rochel (Torah) relaying the signs to Leah (prayer) - he can create the strongest and highest unifications (yichudim) between man and Hashem. Rabbi Nachman greatly urged his followers to engage in the practice of formulating prayers out of Torah lessons. His chief disciple. Rav Noson, fulfilled this by composing a book of prayers based on Rabbi Nachman's Torah lessons, known as Lekutai Tefiloth. Containing over 800 pages, covering practically every conceivable area of spiritual and physical need, Lekutai Tefiloth are some of the most beautiful and inspiring prayers to Hashem, prayers which can help the sincere supplicant reach the fiftieth gate of holiness. the highest of all. (Lekutai Halachoth: Orach Chaim: Hilchoth Rosh Chodesh 5:29-32)

STORY

The following true story illustrates that Torah study without the balance of prayer and good deeds is not sufficient in serving Hashem:

There was once a man known as Itzick the Shicker (the drunk). He would spend his days lying on the benches in back of the synagogue in a state of dninken stupor. When he was conscious, he would make the most foolish and silly statements. Everyone made fun of him and never took him seriously. In fact, no one had ever seen him pray or study Torah. He was just a worthless drunk, drinking his life away.

One cold and snowy winter night, the Rabbi of the town was learning Torah with a group of Kollel men. Suddenly the door burst open and a man dressed in rags all covered with snow ran excitedly in and exclaimed, "Hurry! Come outside and help me! I am a poor wagon driver. My horse, on which my income to support my poor family is dependent, has fallen in the snow. Please help me lift my horse off the ground, otherwise he will surely die and my family will starve!" The Rabbi responded, "Dear sir, your situation is certainly pressing, but we are involved with something even more important, the study of Torah. We cannot leave our learning. Furthermore, it is very cold outside." Just then Itzak the Shicker woke from his drunken stupor, and in an uncharacteristically sober and serious manner admonished the Rabbi, "If you do not go out to help this man now, in the future when you will want to go somewhere for yourself, you will be unable to." Although everyone was astounded at Itzak's sudden clarity and somber state of mind, nevertheless, they dismissed his exhort as just more foolishness." Thus the man's horse died and he was thrust into the deepest and most abject poverty.

Some time later, Itzak again approached the Rabbi in a very staid manner and asked him to come that night to his house at the edge of town. For he knew that he was destined to die that night and wanted the rabbi to witness his death. Reluctantly, the rabbi agreed, and following Itzak's directions. that night, found his house, which was more like a foul smelling chicken coup. Itzak certainly didn't look like a man about to die. nevertheless he told the Rabbi. "At midnight, I will die. After I die, go to my chest in the corner of the room, open it and you will see the story of my life. Secondly, I insist that I be buried next to a certain Tzaddik from the previous generation. Please do all that I request and do not now ask any questions of me." Of course. the Rabbi thought the whole thing was absurd, that this seemingly healthy drunk could predict his own death was ridiculous enough, but to have the chutzpah to demand to be buried next to a Tzaddik was the height of insanity.

Midnight came, and true to his prophecy, the drunk died in his sleep to the shock of the Rabbi. Arousing himself from his astonishment, the rabbi opened the chest and found manuscripts in ltzak's handwriting containing the most amazing insights into Torah that he had ever seen. Also in the chest were the most beautiful t'fillin he had ever seen. Suddenly, the Rabbi understood that Itzak the Shicker had been a hidden Tzaddik, one of the most holy men of his generation. To the astonishment of everyone in the town, a previously unknown. unoccupied gravesite was found next to the Tzaddik Itzak had mentioned and Itzak the Shicker was buried there with great honor.

Years later, just before his grand- daughter's wedding. the Rabbi lost use of his legs and was unable to walk to the wedding. He realized that this was the result of his unwillingness to stop learning in order to perform the mitzvah of helping the poor merchant so many years before. just as Itzak the hidden Tzaddik had warned him. He related this to all the townspeople assembled at the wedding, and taught them the importance of balance, that one must take the time to perform good deeds. even in the face of sacrificing some time from Torah study. (Sipporay Chabad)

HITHBODEDUTH (secluding oneself)

Rabbi Nachman taught that as well as reciting the mandatory daily prayers contained in the prayer book, we should also speak to Hashem, just as we would confide in our best friend: in seclusion, in the language and style with which we feel most comfortable. This is based on the advice of our sages, just to mention two sources: "Rebbe Yitzchak said: 'Why were our forefathers barren? Because Hashem desires the prayers of the righteous."' (Talmud: Yevamoth 64a) "Hashem seeks nothing other than to hear the prayers of Israel." (Medrash Tehillim 116:1) The following is an example of such a session:

You have given us the Torah of truth and planted eternal life among us. The kindness You have shown us is for all eternity. HaShem: Arouse Your love for me. just as You had mercy on us and lovingly gave us Your holy Torah that hidden treasure, that daily joy - so now help me and bring me to constantly immerse myself in Torah study for its own sake.

Let me pay no attention whatsoever to the vanities of this world. Let my only desire be for Your Torah. Let me meditate on Your Torah day and night. Let me conduct all my studies in holiness and purity, and let my only motive be to study for the sake of Your great and holy Name, and to cause You delight.

Bring me to study, teach, guard, practice and fulfill all the teachings of Your Torah in love. Let the light of the holy Torah shine upon me. Let my study and contemplation of the Torah take me from darkness to light, and bring me to repent and come to perfect Teshuvah. As our Rabbis said: "The radiance of the Torah has the power to bring people back to good."

Please, HaShem: Let my Torah study be an elixir of life. Let my learning bring me back to You in genuine, perfect Teshuvah. Let it restore my youth like the eagle, and give me back the times I have spent in such intense darkness.

From now on, let the merit and power of the holy Torah shield me and protect me from every kind of sin and transgression and from all wrong- doing, both when I am actually engaged in my studies and at times when I have to interrupt them. Let the merit and power of the Torah give me constant protection and save me from every kind of sin and wrong-doing, just as You have informed us through Your holy sages, who said that "The Torah shields and protects both while one is engaged in it and at times when one is not."

Let my Torah study bring a flow of holiness and purity into me, and from now on let me sanctify and purify myself the way You want me to - for my own good.

Please, G-d of love: Have pity on me and on all Your people Israel. We have fallen very low at this time, and we have no-one to help or support us. "The enemy hand is ever stronger, and there is no one to lead us and save us." We have nothing to vitalize and uplift our downtrodden souls except the study of Your Torah, whose holiness, purity and perfection enlightens all eyes and restores the soul. (Likutei Tefilot 12)

Volume 3, Issue 7